Redox flow batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that store and release energy through the transfer of electrons between two chemical compounds. These batteries consist of two tanks of electrolyte solutions, each containing different redox couples that can undergo reversible oxidation and reduction reactions. When the battery is charged, electrons are transferred from one redox couple to the other, storing energy. When the battery is discharged, the electrons flow back in the opposite direction, releasing energy. Redox flow batteries are known for their scalability, making them particularly well-suited for grid energy storage applications. They also have a longer lifespan and higher energy storage capacity compared to other types of batteries. Research in this area focuses on improving the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and overall performance of redox flow batteries for commercial and industrial applications.